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Old 27-02-2016, 01:34 PM
rotrex rotrex is offline
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Join Date: Jan 2014
Location: Germany
Posts: 187
Default Re: System recommendation for direct port evo ix

there is a reason port fuel injectors are usually located at the end of the runners except for very high rpm engines with short trumpets.
The mixing is less of an issue, as it is mainly done in the cylinder. you want to hit the right part of the air stream to get as much fuel into the air stream with the majority of the fuel in the top half as this is where most of the air flow happens. And you want to least amount of fuel hitting the wall of the runner and entering the cylinder as a stream of fluid in big drops.
In the past with central injection and single carburated engines this was solved by heating the manifold with coolant so most of this puddles fuel would evaporate.
with water, that does not work as it won't evaporate that fast and it would lose all its effect in the cylinder.

for a port injection system, you want most of your spray entering the cylinder before hitting any walls or taking any bends.

if you rely on evaporation of water in methanol outside of the the cylinder, you need to really go as far away as you can, e.g. the exit of the intercooler or in pre-turbo systems even to the air filter. Rice racing's set-up is a good example of this taking full advantage of the evaporation effect in the intake section before the cylinder. There is still plenty left entering the cylinder as droplets are now rather small and can take bends. So his set-up does work really well.

This way as much water/meth, meth has less of an issue as it is much more volatile, can evaporate and cool. As a side effect, you end up with much smaller droplets, that have less tendency to be centrifuged out of the airstream as it takes turns.
Losses from water "lost" on the walls is compensated by injecting more overall fluid.

If someone cares here isa little known fact. Fluid droplet diameter decreases approximately linearly over time as they evaporate. The mass drops by time (≈diameter) cubed as volume is proportional to r^3.

So to get to small droplets you need to go as far away from the engine as possible as evaporation time≈distance.
Most of the mass evaporates rather fast.

In the engine itself, things happen much quicker as there is a lot of heat. But still big mm sized droplets don't even evaporate there. They get blown out of the exhaust.

In this simulation video you can see the evaporation dynamics.
The top shows the air to water mass fraction, the bottom the droplet diameter. Past the middle of the video the steam has reached a steady state.

What you can now observe is that the second half of the top stream is blue and stays blue. it means the air fraction does not change anymore, so no more water percentage / fraction is added. The bottom graph shows that droplet diameter mostly literarily decreases over time as they pass the pipe. So in the middle of the pipe they have about half the diameter (2e-5, green dots) than they have in the end (1e-5, blue dots).

https://youtu.be/m9Rdu5oTrMw


The second video shows a droplet evaporating. you again see that diameter drops to about half in half the evaporation time. Ethanol evaporates much faster.

https://youtu.be/o1nfRcilHAI

Last edited by rotrex; 27-02-2016 at 01:36 PM.
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