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Originally Posted by max_torque
Water injection is only capable of small improvements in emissions and fuel economy over the mandated drive cycles as these are at relatively low load for a passenger car. (WI in conjunction with a downsized, high compression turbo engine has some merit though)
"real world" fuel economy however in the cut and thrust (especially in europe with our point and squirt driving) could be significantly improved by WI limiting component protection overfuelling.
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I entirely agree WI will only improve the fuel and emmission on near WOT applications for most passenger cars.
The only way to improve the whole range is to run the gasoline engine on an excess-air mode - similar to the diesel. It will require an electronic throttle that switches to WOT during cruising and just add enough fuel to maintain lambda at 1. the In-effciciency of the intake tract is almost eliminated. Water is then injected to keep the in-cylinder temperature to a sensible level - the quanity injected will be just to keep the air moist - moist air will lessen the octane requirement of the engine.